IMPLEMENTATION OF SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM USING DSP PROCESSOR ADSP2181

While many Automatic Speech Recognition applications employ powerful computers to handle the complex recognition algorithms, there is a clear demand for effective solutions on embedded platforms. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) is one of the most commonly used hardware platform that provides good development flexibility and requires relatively short application development cycle.DSP techniques have been at the heart of progress in Speech Processing during the last 25years.Simultaneously speech processing has been an important catalyst for the development of DSP theory and practice. Today DSP methods are used in speech analysis, synthesis, coding, recognition, enhancement as well as voice modification, speaker recognition, language identification.Speech recognition is generally computationally-intensive task and includes many of digital signal processing algorithms. In real-time and real environment speech recognisers applications, it’s often necessary to use embedded resource-limited hardware. Less memory, clock frequency, space and cost related to common architecture PC (x86), must be balanced by more effective computation

Awareness Regarding Prevention of Road traffic accidents among adolescents

The trend in RTA injuries and death is becoming alarming in countries like India. The number of fatal and disabling road accident happening is increasing day by day and is a real public health challenge for all the concerned agencies to prevent it. The approach to implement the rules and regulations available to prevent road accidents is often ineffective and half-hearted. Road traffic fatalities are forecast to increase over the next ten years from a current level of more than 1.3 million to more than 1.9 million by 2020. A total of 4,64,910 road accidents were reported by states and union territories in the calendar year 2017, claiming 1,47,913 lives and causing injuries to 4,70,975 persons. (2017 GOI Report

Embedded Sensor System with Wireless Communication for Greenhouse

Greenhouse environment is unpredictable, irregular, nonlinear, multi-parameter and volatile structure. To gain high and quality yield it is necessary to control the greenhouse environment according to crop requirement and for that design and analyze the embedded sensor system with wireless communication for greenhouse is prerequisite. The blueprint of system is such that it is compatible to technically less proficient farmer of developing countries. The system is designed with DAQ card for data acquisition and analysis that is compatible with Graphical User Interface LabVIEW which helps the user to easily monitor and analyze the state of greenhouse environment. Based on the data analysis any farmer can take decisions like, when to irrigate the crops and when to enable the cooling system. Actions based on the data analysis from the system may lead to better crop yield and less wastage of the resources. To make the system energy efficient a data averaging energy efficient algorithm is used in software. By analyzing the recorded data received from sensor node, an efficient strategy for node placement is designed to cover maximum area of greenhouse

Traditional Medicine to Modern Pharmacogenomics: Ayurveda Prakriti Type and CYP2C19 Gene Polymorphism Associated with the Metabolic Variability

Traditional Indian medicine—Ayurveda—classifies the human population into three major constituents or Prakriti known as Vata, Pitta and Kapha types. Earlier, we have demonstrated a proof of concept to support genetic basis for Prakriti. The descriptions in Ayurveda indicate that individuals with Pitta Prakriti are fast metabolizers while those of Kapha Prakriti are slow metabolizers. We hypothesized that different Prakriti may have different drug metabolism rates associated with drug metabolizing enzyme (DME) polymorphism. We did CYP2C19 (Phase I DME) genotyping in 132 unrelated healthy subjects of either sex by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. We observed significant association between CYP2C19 genotype and major classes of Prakriti types. The extensive metabolizer (EM) genotype (∗1/∗1, ∗1/∗2, ∗1/∗3) was found to be predominant in Pitta Prakriti (91%). Genotype (∗1/∗3) specific for EM group was present only in Pitta Prakriti. Poor metabolizer (PM) genotype (∗2/∗2, ∗2/∗3, ∗3/∗3) was highest (31%) in Kapha Prakriti when compared with Vata (12%) and Pitta Prakriti (9%). Genotype (∗2/∗3) which is typical for PM group was significant in Kapha Prakriti (odds ratio = 3.5, P =  .008). We observed interesting correlations between CYP2C19 genotypes and Prakriti with fast and slow metabolism being one of the major distinguishing and differentiating characteristics. These observations are likely to have significant impact on phenotype-genotype correlation, drug discovery, pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine

Traditional Phytochemistry: Identification of Drug by ‘Taste’

Ayurveda, the system of traditional medicine from India, holds that ‘Rasa’, a concept roughly corresponding to taste, is a basis for identifying pharmacological properties of plants and other materia medica used in Dravyaguna—its system of phytomedicine. This idea has recently found support in studies of ibuprofen, the pharmacological properties of which are similar to those of oleocanthal, because the two substances have very similar tastes. This paper discusses a possible scientific approach to understanding the Ayurvedic (hypo)thesis in terms of the stereochemical basis of both pharamaco-activity and taste, and the numbers of possible pharmaco-active compounds that ‘Rasa’ may be able to distinguish. We conclude that molecules binding to a specific enzyme active site should have their own ‘Rasa’, and that the number of different subjectively experienced ‘tastes’ is more than enough to distinguish between molecular shapes binding to all enzyme active sites in the body

An open label single arm prospective clinical study on the combined effectiveness of Panchanimbakam Churna Vati and Pathyadi Lepa in Kitibha Kushta (Psoriasis)

Kitibha Kushta is mentioned under Kshudra Kushta and is one among the Ashtamahagada. There is the involvement of Tridosha in all Kushta but the predominance of Dosha makes the types & manifestations of Kushta different. Psoriasis is one of the most common skin disorders. It is a papulosquamous disorder of the skin characterized by sharply defined erythematosquamous lesions. It is chronic and is well known for its course of remission and exacerbation. Prevalence of psoriasis in adults varies from 0.44 to 2.8%, with a much lower prevalence in children. The combined formulations Panchanimbakam Churna Vati and Pathyadi Lepa, mentioned in Gadanigraha and Yogaratnakara respectively, are indicated for the management of Kitibha Kushta. The combination collectively contains Kushtaghna Dravyas and has Katu, Tikta and Kashaya Rasa, Laghu, Ruksha Guna, and Ushna Veerya that are helpful in Samprapti Vighatana of Vata and Kapha dominant Kushta. Material and Methods: Among 30 registered participants, 25 completed the treatment. They were administered with Panchanimbakam Churna Vati orally 3 gm per day before food and Pathyadi Lepa externally for 30 days. The Lakshanas and PASI score was assessed on the 1st, 15th, and 30th. For Statistical analysis, subjective parameters were assessed by Cochran’s Q test followed by McNemar test, and objective parameters were assessed by Repeated Measures Anova and Paired T-Test. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in the signs and symptoms of Kitibha Kushta (Psoriasis)(p<0.05). Conclusion: The combination of Panchanimbakam Churna Vati and Pathyadi Lepa, is effective in the management of Kitibha Kushta (Psoriasis

Intravenous verses oral iron supplementation for anaemia of pregnancy in the arid region of Western India: a retrospective cohort study

Background: India has a high prevalence of anemia in pregnant females, resulting greater risk of blood transfusion and its associated complications during the peripartum period. Administration of intravenous iron sucrose may reduce such a risk. Due to a greater prevalence in western arid region of India, this study was planned to compare efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose and oral ferrous ascorbate in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia of pregnancy in a community health center of rural Jodhpur.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Community Health Center of Jodhpur to review the heamoglobin values of pregnant females in 28 to 37 weeks of gestation, treated with either intravenous iron sucrose or oral iron ascorbate. Cohorts were matched based on parity and age, and the hemoglobin values after 2, 4 and 6 weeks of start of therapy were compared using independent t-test.  Results: Of the 152 pregnant females’ records included in the study, 82 were provided intravenous therapy and 70 were given oral iron therapy. Both the modes of administration showed marked increase in heamoglobin values, with statistically more significant rise through parenteral route at each point of measurement. Overall change in mean heamoglobin was 2.43 g/dl through iv route and 0.61 g/dl through oral route (p<0.001). Adverse events following therapy were reported by 9 females from intravenous group and 31 women from oral group.Conclusions: The study provided evidence that parenterally administered iron sucrose elevated hemoglobin and restored iron stores better than oral ferrous ascorbate with lesser adverse reactions

STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME DUE TO ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS: A CASE SERIES

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare, serious disorder affecting skin and mucous membranes. It is one of the few serious dermatological adverse effects of drugs encountered in clinical practice which is characterized by blisters and rash on skin, mucous membranes, swelling over face and lips, and hyperpigmentation. After that, the outer layer of affected skin becomes dead, sheds, and starts to heal after several days of inflicting injury. Here, we present a case series of ofloxacin and chloroquine induced SJS after the consent given by patients. First case is a 62 years old male received Ofloxacin and second patient is a 40 years old male received chloroquine. Both patients experienced a severe skin reaction which was diagnosed as SJS. The above-mentioned medications will be implicated in cases of SJS. We should prescribe these medications with extreme caution

DNA Microarrays in Herbal Drug Research

Natural products are gaining increased applications in drug discovery and development. Being chemically diverse they are able to modulate several targets simultaneously in a complex system. Analysis of gene expression becomes necessary for better understanding of molecular mechanisms. Conventional strategies for expression profiling are optimized for single gene analysis. DNA microarrays serve as suitable high throughput tool for simultaneous analysis of multiple genes. Major practical applicability of DNA microarrays remains in DNA mutation and polymorphism analysis. This review highlights applications of DNA microarrays in pharmacodynamics, pharmacogenomics, toxicogenomics and quality control of herbal drugs and extracts

Effect of Parisheka, Rakta Mokshana and Shamanoushadhi in management of Vicharchika (Eczema) : A Case Report

Introduction: Vicharchika is one among the eleven Kshudra Kushta. Cardinal features of Vicharchika are Kandu, Pidika, Shyava Varna, Bahusravi. Vicharchika is a Kapha Dosha predominant condition as mentioned by Acharya Charaka. Methods: The patient was treated with Siravedha, Sheeta Parisheka with Panchavalkala Qwatha, Gandhaka Rasayana, Triphala Guggulu, Patolakaturohiniyadi Kashaya as Shamana Aushadhi for seven days. Assessment was done on 1st day and 8th day on bases of lakshana, EASI score. Result: After seven days of treatment there was significant reduction in the signs and symptoms, along with EASI score. Discussion: Siravedha was done on the first day in order to eliminate the Dooshita Rakta, later on Sheeta Parisheka was done to pacify the Daha over the lesion for next 6 days. Panchavalkala Qwatha was used for Sheeta Parisheka. Shamanoushadhi prescribed were Gandhaka Rasayana which is Kapha Hara due to its Katu, Tikta Rasa and Ushna Veerya. Triphala Guggulu which acts as Kaphahara due to its Kashaya, Katu, and Tikta Rasa, Rooksha Guna. Patolakaturonhinyadi Kashaya which is Kaphapitta Hara due to its Tikta Rasa and Rooksha Guna. After seven days of treatment patients got significant relief in many cardinal symptoms like Kandu, Srava &amp; Daha. Combined effect of Rakta Mokshana, Parisheka and Shamanoushadhi were considerable improvement seen in this case